The following Strands are currently in effect:

1. Science Learning: Development of student understanding
   How students learn from a variety of theoretical perspectives.
   Coordinators: (21) Sarah J Fick; (22) Bahadir Namdar

2. Science Learning: Contexts, Characteristics and Interactions
   Learning environments, teacher-student and student-student interactions, and factors related to and/or affecting learning.
   Coordinators: (21) Julia Plummer; (22) Edna Tan

3. Science Teaching — Primary School (Grades preK-6): Characteristics and Strategies
   Teacher cognition, content knowledge, pedagogical knowledge, pedagogical content knowledge, instructional materials and strategies.
   Coordinators: (21) Ryan Nixon; (22) Ornit Spektor-Levy

4. Science Teaching — Middle and High School (Grades 5-12): Characteristics and Strategies
   Teacher cognition; content knowledge, pedagogical knowledge, pedagogical content knowledge, and instructional materials and strategies.
   Coordinators: (21) Neta Shaby; (22) Shannon Navy

5. College Science Teaching and Learning (Grades 13-20)
   Instructor cognition, content knowledge, pedagogical knowledge, pedagogical content knowledge, student understanding and learning, and conceptual change at postsecondary level.
   Coordinators: (21) Lisa Kenyon; (22) Anne Leak

6. Science Learning in Informal Contexts
   Learning and teaching in museums, outdoor settings, community programs, communications media and after-school programs.
   Coordinators: (21) Anton Puvirajah; (22) June Tiesan

7. Pre-service Science Teacher Education
   Pre-service professional development of teachers, pre-service teacher education programs and policy, field experience, and issues related to pre-service teacher education reform.
   Coordinators: (21) Michelle Fleming; (22) Takumi Sato

8. In-service Science Teacher Education 
   Continuing professional development of teachers, in-service teacher education programs and policy, and issues related to in-service teacher education reform.
   Coordinators: (21) Nidaa Makki; (22) Donna Governor

9. discontinued

10. Curriculum and Assessment
    Curriculum development, change, implementation, dissemination and evaluation, including alternative forms of assessment of teaching and learning.
    Coordinators: (21) Elon Langbeheim; (22) Ke Li

11. Cultural, Social, and Gender Issues
    Equity and diversity issues: sociocultural, multicultural, bilingual, racial/ethnic, and gender equity studies.
    Coordinators: (21) Cesar Delgado; (22) Terrell Morton

12. Technology for Teaching, Learning, and Research
    Computers, interactive multimedia, video and other technologies.
    Coordinators: (21) Denise M. Bressler; (22) Leigh Ann Haefner

13. History, Philosophy, Sociology, and Nature of Science
    Historical, philosophical and social issues of science as related to science education.
    Coordinators: (21) Alexandria Hansen; (22) Alison Cullinane

14. Environmental Education and Sustainability
    Ecological education; experiential education; education for sustainable development; indigenous science.
    Coordinators: (21) Idit Adler; (22) Beth Covitt

15. Policy, Reform, and Program Evaluation
    The construction, interpretation, and implementation of science education policies and reforms at the local, regional, national, or international levels.
    Coordinators: (21) Audrey Msimanga; (22) Mercy Ogunsola-Baudele